Masseter nerve-innervated free gracilis muscle transfer for smile reanimation in adults / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of masseter nerve-innervated free gracilis muscle transfer for smile reanimation in adults and to explore surgical indications. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 37 patients (11 males, 26 females, with (40.3±12.7) years old)who underwent masseter nerve-innervated free gracilis muscle transfer for smile reanimation between 2016 and 2017 was performed. Patient-reported quality of life (facial clinimetric evaluation, FaCE), physician-reported facial function (eFACE facial grading scale), and oral commissure excursion were compared preoperatively and postoperatively. SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Thirty-seven patients were followed up in one year after surgery. Significant postoperative improvements were demonstrated for commissure excursion with smile (preoperatively: (-1.2±3.1) mm, postoperatively: (6.1±3.5) mm, t=-31.1, P<0.01), ipsilateral FaCE (preoperatively: (29.4±14.1), postoperatively: (57.6±23.4), t=-38.1, P<0.01), eFACE score (Composite score t=-35.8, Static score t=-29.1, Dynamic score t=-41.3,Midface score t=-43.9, all P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion: Masseter nerve-innervated free gracilis muscle transfer is an good option for dynamic smile reanimation in adult patients who have undergone treatment for long-standing facial paralysis.

Magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted imaging in detecting intracranial calcification and hemorrhage / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Computed tomography (CT) is better than routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting intracranial calcification. This study aimed to assess the value of MR susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in the detection and differentiation of intracranial calcification and hemorrhage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Enrolled in this study were 35 patients including 13 cases of calcification demonstrated by CT and 22 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage. MR sequences used in all the subjects included axial T1WI, T2WI and SWI. The phase shift (PS) of calcification and hemorrhage on SWI was calculated and their signal features on corrected phase images were compared. The sensitivity of T1WI, T2WI and SWI in detecting intracranial calcification and hemorrhage was analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection rate of SWI for cranial calcification was 98.2%, significantly higher than that of T1WI and T2WI. It was not significantly different from that of CT (P > 0.05). There were 49 hemorrhagic lesions at different stages detected on SWI, 30 on T2WI and 18 on T1WI. The average PS of calcification and hemorrhage was +0.734 +/- 0.073 and -0.112 +/- 0.032 respectively (P < 0.05). The PS of calcification was positive and presented as a high signal or the mixed signal dominated by a high signal on the corrected phase images, whereas the PS of hemorrhage was negative and presented as a low signal or the mixed signal dominated by a low signal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SWI can accurately demonstrate intracranial calcification, not dependant on CT. Being more sensitive than routine MRI in detecting micro-hemorrhage, SWI may play an important role in differentiating cerebral diseases associated with calcification or hemorrhage.</p>

Evaluation of whole body MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI in detecting intranodal lesions in patients with lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the whole body MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI in detecting intranodal lesions in patients with lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Whole body MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) were performed in 23 patients with histologically proven lymphoma. A conventional coronal MRI scan from head to inguinal groove was done for whole body scanning. In the DWI, axial MRI scans were performed after segmentation based on SENSE technique, and all images were merged into whole body image reconstruction by software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>417 lymph nodes were detected by MRI in the 23 patients. The overall positive rate of whole body MRI and DWI was 79.1% and 89.7%, respectively. It was 70.9% versus 85.2% and 79.4% versus 90.1% for the lymph nodes of < 2 cm and 2-3 cm in diameter, with a significant difference between the two methods (P < 0.01). However, it was 94.7% versus 97.9% for the lymph nodes of > 3 cm in diameter, not significantly different between the two methods (P > 0.05). Both methods had similar sensitivity in detecting the lymph nodes in the neck, supraclavicular and infraclavicular fossae, mediastinum and axillary fossa. However, the positive rate of whole body MRI was 51.2%, 43.8% and 52.2%, significantly less sensitive than 83.7%, 71.9% and 87.0%, respectively, by DWI in detecting the lymph nodes in the retroperitoneal space, pelvic cavity and inguinal groove (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both whole body MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI have a relative high sensitivity in detecting intranodal lesions for patients with lymphoma, showing a certain value in clinical application.</p>

Determination of butylidenephthalide in Ligusticum chuanxiong by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine butylidenephthalide in Ligusticum Chuanxiong with RP-HPLC.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The sample was extracted with methanol using sonication. The ESTD was used to quantify butylidenephthalide. HPLC separation was carried out in a Hypersil ODS columm (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) , eluted at 1 mL x min(-1) with methanol-5% isopropyl alcohol (60: 40) at 25 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 230 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear range was 0.07-0.7 microg for butylidenephthalide. The average recovery was 95.3%, and RSD was 2.3% (n =6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method was simple and could be used to determine butylidenephthalide with satisfactory accuracy and reproducibility.</p>

Correlation between magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging and cell density in astrocytoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) in magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging with echo-planar technique in depicting the tumor cellularity and grading of astrocytoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four astrocytoma patients including 18 male and 16 female with age from 10 to 73 years (mean 38.4 years) were examined by MRI and eventually proved by surgical resection and pathological examination. Of them, 26 had low-grade (grade I, II) astrocytoma and 8 high-grade (grade III, IV) astrocytoma. ADC value of astrocytoma was determined on magnetic resonance diffusion weighted images. Cellularity of the astrocytoma was analyzed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0.1 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean ADC value (in units of 10(-4) mm(2)/s) of the high-grade astrocytomas (7.34 +/- 2.95) was significantly lower than that of the low-grade astrocytomas (13.76 +/- 3.31) (t = 4.91, P < 0.001). The mean cellularity of the high-grade astrocytomas (19.81 +/- 9.73)% was significantly higher than that of the low-grade astrocytomas (4.74 +/- 2.96)% (t = 4.32, P = 0.003). ADC value of the astrocytoma was significantly and negatively correlated with its cellularity (r = -0.535, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ADC value of astrocytoma is significantly and negatively correlated with its cellularity. Magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging may well be highly potential in predicting the degree of astrocytoma.</p>

1H-MRS of the hippocampus of psychogenic erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of the hippocampus metabolites with MRS to provide some clues for exploring the possible underlying unrecognised factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen cases of psychogenic erectile dysfunction and 15 normal volunteers (the control) were studied by a clinical 1. 5T MRI/MRS system. Proton multi-voxel spectroscopy imaging (1H-MRSI) was obtained from both sides of the hippocampus region. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine and phosphocreatine (Cr) and choline-containing compounds (Cho) were determined and the ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr were calculated respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The NAA/Cr ratio was significantly lower in the ED patients than in the control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Cho/Cr ratio between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Psychogenic erectile dysfunction may not be simply a functional disease. The hippocampus may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychogenic ED. The disease may have some previously unrecognised underlying aetiological factors and pathophysiological mechanisms.</p>

Expression of adrenomedullin in the tissue with laryngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of adrenomedullin (AM) in the patients with laryngeal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-step immunohistochemistry method was used to examine the expression of AM in the patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Radioimmunoassay was applied to determine the concentration of AM in the laryngeal carcinoma tissues, adjacent laryngeal mucosa of carcinoma tissues and in the plasma of patients and controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Positive stainings for AM were found in all 21 specimen examined,distributed mainly in the cytoplasm of the laryngeal carcinoma cells. Positive stainings were more stronger in the circumference than in the center of tumor tissue for the highly and moderately differentiated tumors. While the stainings were distributed homogeneously for poorly and moderately differentiated tumors. The concentration of AM in the laryngeal carcinoma tissues (n = 44) and the adjacent mucosa (n = 44) were (49.67 +/- 28.33) pg/ml and (14.71 +/- 7.17) pg/ml (x +/- s) respectively and laryngeal tumor showed much higher concentration of AM than the adjacent mucosa (u = 135.00, P < 0.01). The concentration of AM in patients with laryngeal carcinoma of T2, T3 and T4 stage were (31.52 +/- 15.22), (56.63 +/- 18.51) and (96.12 +/- 18.22) pg/ml (x + s) respectively,and there were statistically significant difference among them. In the N stage, patients with higher stages were found to express significantly higher AM concentration, but there was not statistically significant difference between NO stage and N1 stage. In the M stage,patients with M1 stage were found to express significantly higher AM concentration (u = 31.00, P < 0.01). But there was not statistically significant difference between AM plasma concentration of laryngeal carcinoma patients and that of healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results suggested that high expression of AM in tissues of laryngeal carcinoma was related with the TNM stage of laryngeal carcinoma, AM may play an important role in the development of the laryngeal neoplasma.</p>

The new progress of the study about volatile oil of the angelica / 中国中药杂志

To summarize the new progress of the study about volatile oil of the angelica, including the distillable methods, the analysis of the chemical components, the pharmacological effects and the clinical applications. We tracked and searched the correlative references and study reports about volatile oil of the angelica in CNKI data base(1994-2004) and Medline data base (1997-2004). We summarized and compared the different distillable methods of volatile oil of the angelica, meanwhile we summarized many study reports about the analysis of the chemical components of volatile oil of the angelica and it's pharmacological effects, including the toxicity of the volatile oil and it's effects on the uterus smooth muscle, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, central nerve system and immune system. Finally we summarized the clinical application of the volatile oil of the angelica. There are three distillable methods of volatile oil of the angelica . The harvest efficiency of volatile oil is different with different distillable methods. The chemical components are very complicated and the new chemical components are separated and identified. The volatile oil has bidirectional effects on the uterus smooth muscle. It can inhibit the contraction of the uterus smooth muscle induced by different mechanisms. Meanwhile it can depress the blood pressure and ameliorate the cardiac ischemia. The volatile oil can resist the arrhythmia and asthma, restrain the central system, improve the immune function. Nowadays the volatile oil of the angelica is applied to therapy the dysmenorrhea and disorder of the catamenia. The chemical components of the volatile oil of the angelica are very complicated, moreover the pharmacological effects of the volatile oil are comprehensive. People make the new progress of the study about volatile oil of the angelica.

Comparative study between MRI and echocardiography in noncompaction of ventricular myocardium / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the MRI and echocardiography manifestations of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium(NVM)and assess the role of MRI in the diagnosis of NVM by comparing it with echocardiography.Methods Fourteen cases of NVM diagnosed by echocardiography were examined with MRI,including scanning of black-blood sequences,double inversion recovery fast spin echo (DIRFSE)and triple inversion recovery fast spin echo(TIRFSE),and white blood sequence:fast imaging employ steady state acquisition(FIESTA).Scanning plane includes short axis view,four-chamber view and long axis view.Results Both MRI and echocardiography displayed involvement of left ventricles in thirteen cases and involvement of double ventricles in one case.Apexes of heart and the intermedius are commonly affected.MRI showed 54 segments and echocardiography showed 53 segments affected,and there is no significant difference between the capability of MRI and echocardiography(P=1.000).The affected myocardium consisted of two layers:subendoeardial noncompacted myocardium and epicardial compacted myocardium,and the ratio measurement of N/C by MRI was 3.37?0.89 and it was 3.19?0.82 by echocardiography.Noncompacted myocardium was characterized by prominent and excessive myocardial trabeculations and deep intratrabecular recesses,in which the blood flow was communicated with the ventricle.One case was complicated with ventricular aneurysm,and coronary arteriography was performed with unremarkable findings.One case underwent heart transplantation because of progressive heart failure, Gross findings demonstrated prominent muscular trabeculations with deep intratrabecular recesses,which coincided well with MRI findings.Conclusion The MRI manifestation of NVM is characteristic,and MRI with multiple series and planes is helpful in the diagnose of NVM.Compared with echoeardiography,MRI could display the pathological cardiac muscle more clearly,because of its high soft-tissue resolution and spatial resolution.

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of fetus:manifestations and diagnosis of MRI / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To demonstrate the MRI manifestations of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation(CCAM)and to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI.Methods Thoracic axial,sagittal and coronal plane scanning were performed with SSFSE in 9 fetuses diagnosed or suspected of CCAM by ultrasound(US)within 1—2 days after US examination.The diagnosis was confirmed by postnatal autopsy or follow-up.Results In nine fetuses,seven cases of CCAM were diagnosed with MRI and confirmed by autopsy,one case was congenital pulmonary sequestration,one was normal on MRI and two weeks late US.In seven cases of CCAM(5 males and 2 females),four cases were in the right side,three in the left.Four cases of macrocystic type CCAM showed single or multiple cystic long T_2 signal in the unilateral lung,three cases of microcystic type CCAM presented long T_2 signal without cyst.Vessels with flow void phenomenon were found in 2 cases of CCAM and 1 case of pulmonary sequestration.Conclusion MRI can clearly show the location,range and contour of CCAM.The vessel originated from the aorta is suggestive of pulmonary sequestration.

Correlation study between MR spectroscopic findings and cell proliferation in astrocytoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between findings of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(~1H-MRS)and tumor proliferative potential in patents with astrocytoma.Methods Thirty four patients of astrocytomas proved by surgery and pathology were examined by MRI and ~1H-MRS,among them 26 were of grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ(low grade)and 8 of grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ(high grade).Twenty one eases of astrocytomas(17 low-grade and 4 high grade respectively)were homogeneous type.Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)was detected by immunohistochemical method of streptavidin- biotin-peroxidase(SP).Results The Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios of high-grade astrocytomas(M=4.895, 4.845 respectively)were significantly higher than those of low-grade astrocytomas(M=2.920, 2.000 respectively)in the 21 homogeneous astrocytomas(Z=-2.597,P=0.009;Z=-2.687,P= 0.007 respectively),and the ratios were found to be significantly correlated to the expression of PCNA(A= 7.880)(r=0.607,P=0.003;r=0.457,P=0.038 respectively).However,the differences of Cho/NAA、 Cho/Cr ratios between the high-grade and low-grade astrocytomas were not significant when 34 cases were included,and no relationship was found between Cho/NAA(M=3.965,2.890 respectively)、Cho/Cr(M= 3.080、1.960 respectively)ratios and the expression of PCNA(A=8.100)(r=0.060,P=0.738;r= 0.125,P=0.480 respectively).Conclusion By measuring the Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr ratios,~1 H-MRS may be a valuable method for presurgical in invo prediction of the malignant degree,tumor proliferative potential and prognosis of homogeneous-type astrocytomas.

Clinical application of MR diffusion tensor imaging in lumbar disc annulus fibrosus / 中华放射学杂志

0.05).Seven cases in LDH group and 9 cases in HID group were found in FT picture.The mean DCavg value in annulus fibrosus disruption was significantly larger (1.01?0.10)?10~(-9)mm~2/s and the mean FA value(0.15?0.03)was significantly smaller than those in normal place(P

Proton MR spectroscopy study in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the metabolic alterations in the brain of neonates with HIE and correlate those alterations with clinical grading and prognosis of HIE.Methods Fourty-six eases of full-term neonates diagnosed as HIE clinically were performed MRI and 1~H-MRS,9 healthy neonates without the evidence of asphyxia were studied as controls,1~H-MRS techniques included single voxel proton MRS and two dimensional muhi-voxel chemical shift spectroscopy imaging,point resolved spectroscopy sequence was used for 1~H-MRS.Metabolic changes in the spectroscopy were analyzed in neonates with HIE,and study the relationgship between MRS findings and prognosis.Results(1)The typical 1~H-MRS manifestations of full- term neonates suffering from HIE were as follows:the peaks of Lac were elevated,GLx-? were elevated and NAA were decreased.(2)GLx-?/Cr ratio in control,mild,moderate and severe HIE group was 0.16, 0.21,0.64,and 1.31,respectively.Lac/Cr ratio in control,mild,moderate and severe HIE group was 0.12,0.14,0.19,and 0.26,respectively.There was a significant difference in the ratio of GLx-? and Lac/Cr between HIE group and control group(t=5.01,P